Anxiety is a natural emotion that we all experience in certain situations of stress or danger. It is an adaptive response that alerts us and prepares us to face challenges. However, in some cases, anxiety can become pathological, manifesting itself more intensely and persistently, affecting the quality of life of those who suffer from it. It is important to differentiate between common anxiety and pathological anxiety, since each requires different approaches and treatments.
Common Anxiety
The Common anxiety is a normal emotional state that we experience in stressful everyday situations, such as public speaking, worrying about an important exam, or facing an interpersonal conflict. It is an adaptive reaction that helps us face challenges and stay alert in times of danger.
Some symptoms of common anxiety include nervousness, restlessness, muscle tension, difficulty concentrating, and feeling on edge. These symptoms are usually temporary and disappear once the stressful situation has passed. Common anxiety is a normal part of life and does not usually significantly interfere with daily activities.
Causes of Common Anxiety
Common anxiety can be triggered by stressful events or situations. that we perceive as threatening. Factors such as work pressure, family problems, interpersonal conflicts or major life changes can cause anxiety in anyone. However, common anxiety tends to be proportional to the situation that triggers it and is within a range considered normal.
Pathological Anxiety
On the other hand, pathological anxiety is characterized by an excessive, disproportionate and persistent anxious response to situations that do not represent real danger. Those who suffer from pathological anxiety experience overwhelming distress and have difficulty controlling their worries, even when they are aware that their fears are irrational.
Anxiety disorders, such as generalized anxiety disorder, Panic, social phobia and obsessive-compulsive disorder are examples of conditions in which anxiety becomes pathological. These conditions can significantly interfere with the person's daily life, affecting their work, interpersonal relationships, and emotional well-being.
Symptoms of Pathological Anxiety
The symptoms of pathological anxiety are usually more intense and persistent than those of common anxiety. They can include panic attacks, difficulty sleeping, irritability, constant fatigue, obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors, and avoidance of feared situations.
Pathological anxiety can also manifest on a physical level, causing symptoms such as headaches. , gastrointestinal problems, heart palpitations and difficulty breathing. These symptoms can be so debilitating that they interfere with daily activities and cause significant suffering in the person experiencing them.
Causes of Pathological Anxiety
The causes of pathological anxiety are multifaceted and may involve a combination of genetic, biological, psychological and environmental factors. People with a family history of anxiety disorders have a higher risk of developing pathological anxiety, suggesting a genetic predisposition.
In addition, neurochemical imbalances in the brain, past traumatic experiences, high levels of chronic stress, Medical illnesses and the use of psychoactive substances can also contribute to the development of anxiety disorders. The way a person processes information, interprets situations, and deals with stress also plays an important role in pathological anxiety.
Key Differences
Although common anxiety and Pathological anxiety share similar symptoms, such as nervousness, restlessness and difficulty concentrating, there are key differences between both conditions that distinguish them:
Intensity and Duration:
Common anxiety is usually intense. mild to moderate and short-lived, while pathological anxiety is more intense and persistent, affecting the person's daily life significantly. Common anxiety tends to disappear once the stressful situation has passed, while pathological anxiety can persist for weeks, months or even years without an apparent reason.
Proportionality:
Common anxiety is proportional to the triggering situation and is considered a normal, adaptive response. On the other hand, pathological anxiety is disproportionate to the stimulus or trigger, which makes it irrational and excessive compared to the real threat present.
Functional Impact:
Common anxiety does not usually significantly interfere with the person's daily activities and, once the stressful situation has passed, anxiety symptoms decrease. On the other hand, pathological anxiety can alter the work, social and personal life of those who suffer from it, making normal functioning difficult and causing constant discomfort.
Diagnosis and Treatment
It is essential Seek professional help if you suspect an anxiety disorder, as an accurate diagnosis can make all the difference in treatment and recovery. A mental health professional, such as a psychologist or psychiatrist, can evaluate symptoms, determine whether it is common or pathological anxiety, and recommend an appropriate treatment plan.
Treating common anxiety can involve stress management strategies, relaxation techniques, lifestyle changes and brief therapies to learn to cope with stressful situations more effectively. In cases of pathological anxiety, cognitive-behavioral therapies, anti-anxiety medications, exposure therapies, mindfulness and other personalized interventions may be recommended according to the needs of the individual.
Conclusions
In summary, Anxiety is a natural emotion that we all experience in certain circumstances, and it can be adaptive and beneficial in certain situations. However, when anxiety becomes disproportionate, persistent and negatively affects a person's quality of life, it can be considered a pathological anxiety disorder that requires professional intervention.
It is essential to differentiate between common anxiety and anxiety. pathological anxiety to provide appropriate support and treatment to those who need it. Understanding the differences between the two conditions allows us to identify symptoms, address underlying causes, and promote the emotional well-being of those who struggle with anxiety in its various forms.