EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing) is a psychotherapy that has gained popularity in recent years due to its effectiveness in the treatment of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress, phobias, among others. This therapeutic approach is based on the idea that traumas and negative experiences are stored dysfunctionally in memory, which produces psychological and emotional symptoms in the individual.
Origin and Fundamentals of EMDR
EMDR was developed in the 1980s by psychotherapist Francine Shapiro. Their work was based on the observation that certain eye movements could reduce the emotional intensity of traumatic memories. From this premise, Shapiro created a structured protocol that combines bilateral stimulation of the brain through eye movements, sounds or touch, with controlled exposure to disturbing memories.
EMDR is based on theory that unresolved traumas are stored in memory in a fragmented and dysfunctional manner, which prevents their proper processing. During EMDR sessions, we seek to access these traumatic memories and restructure the way they are stored in the patient's mind, allowing them to process them in a healthy way and free themselves from their negative impact.
Reprocessing Process in EMDR
The EMDR reprocessing process consists of eight defined phases:
- Clinical history: The therapist collects detailed information about the clinical history and the patient's symptoms.
- Preparation: A solid therapeutic relationship is established and self-regulation techniques are taught to cope with intense emotions.
- Desensitization :The patient identifies the traumatic memory and is asked to focus on the image, the emotions and the associated negative beliefs.
- Installation:Beliefs are reinforced positive and feelings of security and self-efficacy are installed.
- Body scan: Possible tensions or physical sensations associated with the trauma are sought to release them.
- Closing: A review of the progress achieved is carried out and self-support strategies are offered.
- Reevaluation: The changes produced are assessed and the therapeutic objectives are reviewed.
- Reinforcement: Learning is reinforced and follow-up is offered if necessary.
Benefits of EMDR as a Psychotherapeutic Approach
1. Effective in the Treatment of Trauma
One of the main benefits of EMDR is its effectiveness in the treatment of trauma and post-traumatic stress. By restructuring the way the memory stores traumatic memories, the patient can emotionally desensitize themselves and free themselves from the negative impact of such experiences. Numerous studies have supported the effectiveness of this therapy in reducing traumatic symptoms and improving patients' quality of life.
2. Speed in Results
Another notable benefit of EMDR is its speed in obtaining results. Unlike other therapies that can require months or years of treatment, EMDR is usually shorter and more focused. Many patients experience significant improvements in just a few sessions, allowing them to recover their emotional well-being more quickly.
3. Comprehensive Approach to Symptoms
EMDR is not limited only to addressing superficial symptoms, but seeks to get to the root of the problem by working directly on the traumatic memories that underlie these symptoms. By restructuring the way the brain processes negative information, a comprehensive therapeutic effect is achieved that impacts different aspects of the patient's life.
4. Reducing Emotional Reactivity
Through bilateral stimulation and controlled exposure to traumatic memories, EMDR helps reduce the patient's emotional reactivity to triggering stimuli. This translates into greater coping capacity, a decrease in anxiety and fear, and an improvement in emotional regulation in stressful situations.
5. Promotes Resilience and Self-Esteem
By processing traumas in a healthy way and overcoming ingrained negative beliefs, the patient strengthens their resilience and self-esteem. EMDR not only relieves current emotional distress, but also promotes a positive change in the way the person perceives themselves and copes with life's challenges.
6. Adaptability to Various Patient Profiles
EMDR is a therapeutic approach that adapts to various patient profiles, regardless of age, gender or clinical history. Its flexible structure allows it to work with different types of traumas and symptoms, making it a versatile option for mental health professionals.
Important Considerations about EMDR
1. Specialized Professional
It is essential that EMDR be applied by a professional specialized and certified in this technique. A therapist trained in EMDR has the knowledge and skills necessary to safely guide the patient through the therapeutic process and maximize the benefits of this intervention.
2. Evaluation and Follow-up
Before starting treatment with EMDR, it is important to conduct a thorough evaluation of the patient's medical history and symptoms to ensure that this therapy is appropriate for their case. Likewise, it is recommended to perform periodic follow-up to evaluate the patient's progress and adjust treatment as necessary.
3. Possible Side Effects
While EMDR is generally safe and well tolerated, in some cases temporary side effects such as intense emotions, agitation, or fatigue may arise during or after sessions. These symptoms are usually temporary and are part of the emotional restructuring process that the patient experiences.
4. Complementarity with Other Therapies
EMDR can be used in a complementary way with other psychological therapies or medical treatments according to the specific needs of the patient. The combination of different therapeutic approaches can enhance results and offer a comprehensive and personalized intervention to address the individual's emotional and psychological problems.
Conclusions
In conclusion, EMDR has been consolidated as an effective and promising therapy in the treatment of a wide range of psychological and emotional disorders. Its benefits lie in its ability to adaptively restructure traumatic memories and free the patient from the negative impact of such experiences. The speed in obtaining results, its comprehensive approach to symptoms, and its adaptability to various patient profiles make EMDR a valuable tool in the field of psychotherapy.
If you are considering starting treatment with EMDR, it is important to look for a specialized therapist who can provide you with the necessary support and guidance to make the most of the benefits of this innovative therapy.