The "sandwich" technique in communication refers to the strategy of giving criticism sandwiched between two positive comments. It is a common practice in various areas, from the work environment to personal relationships, which supposedly seeks to soften the impact of criticism by framing it among complimentary aspects. However, despite its popularity, several communication and psychology experts argue that this technique can be counterproductive and be perceived as less assertive compared to other forms of constructive criticism.
The origin of the sandwich technique
The sandwich technique originated in the field of positive psychology, which focuses on enhancing people's strengths and virtues instead of focusing solely on in the negative aspects. The idea behind this strategy was to balance critical feedback with recognition of the person's qualities and achievements, with the goal of promoting an environment of support and personal growth.
In theory, the sandwich works in this way. the following way: it begins with praise or positive recognition (the first slice of bread), then criticism or constructive feedback is introduced (the "filling" of the sandwich) and finally it closes with another positive comment (the second slice of bread). This structure seeks to soften the impact of criticism by framing it among complimentary aspects, in the hope that the recipient will accept it more receptively.
Criticism of the sandwich technique
Despite its good intentions, the sandwich technique has been the subject of criticism from experts in communication, psychology and coaching. One of the main arguments against it is that it can result in unclear and confusing feedback for the person receiving it. By sandwiching criticism between positive comments, you run the risk of diluting the critical message and not clearly communicating what aspect needs improvement.
In addition, some studies suggest that the sandwich technique can generate a false sense of balance in feedback. By focusing on the initial and final praise, the recipient may perceive the criticism as less relevant or important, which decreases the likelihood that they will take the areas for improvement seriously. Instead of motivating positive change, this strategy could lead to unwanted complacency.
Impact on self-esteem and confidence
Another important aspect to consider is the impact that the sandwich can have on the self-esteem and confidence of the recipient. When receiving criticism sandwiched between positive comments, the person may feel manipulated or perceive the feedback as insincere. This type of strategy can undermine trust in the relationship and create an environment of mistrust and falsehood.
In addition, some individuals may interpret the sandwich technique as a way to hide criticism behind a façade of friendliness. , which can result in a lack of transparency and honesty in communication. Instead of fostering a culture of openness and sincerity, this strategy could generate a climate of falsehood and mistrust in interpersonal interactions.
Alternatives to the sandwich technique
Given the possible problems and limitations of the sandwich technique, it is important to explore more effective alternatives to provide constructive and assertive criticism. One of the strategies recommended by communication experts is direct and specific feedback. Instead of masking criticism with praise, it is suggested to address the problem clearly and directly, focusing on observable facts and behaviors.
Another alternative is the model known as the "open sandwich", which consists of starting with criticism directly and then offering suggestions or solutions for improvement, ending with a positive comment. This structure allows the problem to be addressed in a clear and constructive manner, without diluting the critical message in the process.
The importance of assertiveness in communication
Regardless of the technique used, it is It is essential to focus on assertiveness when providing criticism and feedback to others. Assertiveness refers to the ability to express thoughts, feelings and needs clearly, honestly and respectfully, without attacking or submitting. By being assertive in communication, we can establish clear limits, express our opinions constructively and foster healthy and authentic relationships.
In this sense, assertiveness is presented as an effective alternative to the sandwich technique, since it promotes direct, honest and respectful communication. By being clear and direct in our criticism, we can foster an environment of learning and mutual growth, without falling into strategies that may generate misunderstandings or confusion in the feedback.
Conclusion
In summary , although the sandwich technique may have been conceived with good intentions, its effectiveness and assertiveness as a constructive criticism strategy have been questioned by various experts in communication and psychology. Instead of masking criticism with praise, it is advisable to opt for more direct and specific alternatives to provide effective feedback.
Assertiveness in communication plays a fundamental role in the way we relate to others and in how we manage conflicts and challenges. By practicing assertive and honest communication, we can build solid and healthy relationships, based on transparency, mutual respect and authenticity.