Derealization is a term that refers to an altered experience of reality, in which the person feels that what is happening around them is unreal or strange. This sensation can be very disturbing and cause anxiety in those who experience it. In this article, we will explore in depth what derealization is, what its characteristics are and what the possible causes that trigger it could be.
Characteristics of derealization
Derealization is characterized by a feeling of strangeness, as if the world around us were unreal or distorted in some way. People who experience derealization may describe feeling as if they are dreaming, as if they are separated from their surroundings, or as if they are observing reality through a glass.
Some of the common characteristics of derealization include:
Distortion of perception
People who experience derealization may perceive objects, people, and events in a distorted or unclear way. They may feel that colors are brighter or duller than normal, that sounds are louder or softer, or that the dimensions of objects are altered.
Emotional detachment
Those who experience derealization often report feeling emotional detachment from the people and situations around them. They may describe feeling like external observers of their own life, without really feeling an emotional connection to what is happening around them.
Altered perception of time
People with Derealization sometimes experience an alteration in their perception of time. They may feel that time passes slowly or quickly, or they may have difficulty maintaining a clear sense of the temporal sequence of events.
Causes of derealization
Derealization can have various causes, and in many cases it is usually associated with anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders or states of intense stress. Some possible causes of derealization include:
Anxiety disorders
Derealization is a common symptom in anxiety disorders, such as panic disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. . In situations of extreme anxiety, the brain can activate defense mechanisms that alter the perception of reality, which can lead to derealization.
Dissociative disorders
Dissociative disorders, such as dissociative identity disorder, may also be associated with derealization. In these cases, the person experiences a profound disconnection with their identity and reality, which can manifest itself through the feeling of derealization.
Stress and trauma
Intense stress or exposure to traumatic situations can trigger episodes of derealization in some people. The brain looks for ways to protect itself from overwhelming experiences, and altering the perception of reality can be one of those defense strategies.
Substance use
The use of certain substances Psychoactive substances, such as cannabis, LSD or ecstasy, can cause episodes of derealization. These substances alter brain chemistry and can distort the user's perception of reality, causing a feeling of derealization.
Mood disorders
Some mood disorders , such as depression or bipolar disorder, may be associated with derealization. The changes in brain chemistry that occur in these disorders can influence the person's perception of reality and lead to feelings of unreality.
Treatment of derealization
The Treatment of derealization will depend on the underlying cause that is causing it. In many cases, derealization is addressed by treating the underlying disorder that is triggering it. Some treatment strategies that may be effective include:
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Cognitive-behavioral therapy may be helpful in addressing derealization associated with anxiety or stress disorders. This therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative thoughts and behaviors that contribute to feelings of derealization.
Exposure therapy
In the case of derealization associated with anxiety disorders, Exposure therapy can be an effective strategy. This therapy involves gradually exposing the person to situations that generate anxiety, so that they can learn to manage their fears and reduce the feeling of unreality.
Pharmacological therapy
In some cases, Treatment with medications such as antidepressants or anxiolytics may be recommended to treat derealization associated with mood or anxiety disorders. These medications can help stabilize brain chemistry and reduce symptoms of derealization.
Supportive therapy
Supportive therapy, whether individual or group, can be beneficial for people who experience derealization. In a safe and supportive environment, the person can explore their emotions, thoughts and experiences, and find strategies to manage the feeling of unreality.
Conclusions
Derealization is an altered experience. of reality that can be very disturbing for those who experience it. This feeling of unreality may be associated with anxiety disorders, dissociative disorders, stress, substance use, or mood disorders. Treatment of derealization will depend on the underlying cause and may include cognitive-behavioral therapies, exposure therapies, pharmacological treatment or supportive therapies.
If you experience derealization recurrently or if this sensation significantly interferes with your daily life, it is important to seek help from a mental health professional to receive a proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment.