The diagnostic interview in psychology is a fundamental tool in the assessment and diagnosis process of different mental and emotional disorders. Through this type of interviews, psychology professionals can collect relevant information about the patient, their medical history, their symptoms, and their psychological functioning in general.
Purpose of the diagnostic interview
The main purpose of the diagnostic interview in psychology is to obtain detailed and specific information that allows the psychologist to comprehensively evaluate the patient. Through the interview, the aim is to identify the presence of symptoms, evaluate their severity, know the context in which they develop, and collect relevant information about the patient's personal and family history.
In addition, the diagnostic interview also aims to establish an initial therapeutic relationship with the patient, providing them with a safe and confidential space in which they can express their concerns, fears and feelings. This relationship of trust is essential for the therapeutic process and for the patient to feel comfortable sharing personal and sensitive information.
Characteristics of the diagnostic interview
The diagnostic interview in psychology is characterized because it is a structured conversation directed by the professional, in which different areas of the patient's life are addressed. Some of the most relevant characteristics of the diagnostic interview are:
- Exhaustive exploration: During the interview, the psychologist asks specific and open questions to obtain detailed information about the symptoms. , the patient's history, his interpersonal relationships, his cognitive and emotional functioning, among other aspects.
- Active listening: The psychologist must show empathy and full attention during the interview, demonstrating to the patient who is interested in their history and in understanding their problems and needs.
- Objectivity: Despite establishing a bond of trust with the patient, the psychologist must maintain a position objective and professional, avoiding value judgments and maintaining a neutral approach.
- Confidentiality: It is essential that the psychologist guarantee the confidentiality of the information shared during the interview, respecting privacy and the privacy of the patient.
Functions of the diagnostic interview
The diagnostic interview fulfills several functions within the psychological evaluation and diagnosis process. Some of the most relevant functions are the following:
- Information collection: The diagnostic interview allows the psychologist to collect detailed and significant information about the patient, their medical history, their symptoms and their current psychological functioning.
- Establishment of a therapeutic relationship: Through the interview, the psychologist establishes a bond of trust with the patient, creating a safe and secure space. empathic environment in which the therapeutic process can be effectively addressed.
- Exploration of symptoms: During the diagnostic interview, the symptoms present in the patient, their duration, frequency and intensity, as well as the triggering factors and the situations that aggravate or attenuate them.
- Formulation of diagnostic hypotheses: Based on the information collected in the interview, the Psychologist can formulate preliminary diagnostic hypotheses that allow him to guide the evaluation and diagnosis process.
- Treatment planning: The diagnostic interview is also useful to establish the initial foundations of a treatment plan. individualized treatment, taking into account the needs and resources of the patient.
In summary, the diagnostic interview in psychology plays a fundamental role in the evaluation and diagnosis of mental and emotional disorders, allowing psychologist to collect relevant information, establish a therapeutic relationship with the patient, explore the symptomatology and formulate preliminary diagnostic hypotheses. Through this tool, the foundations are laid for an effective and personalized therapeutic approach, which takes into account the needs and peculiarities of each individual.