Selective mutism and shyness are two terms that are often confused or used interchangeably to describe similar behaviors in children and sometimes in adults as well. However, it is important to highlight that there are significant differences between both concepts in the field of psychology. In this article, we will explore the 3 main differences between selective mutism and shyness, with the aim of providing a clearer understanding of each.
Difference in the nature of the behavior
One of the main differences between selective mutism and shyness lies in the nature of the behavior observed in each of these disorders. Selective mutism is characterized by the persistent inability to speak in specific situations, despite being able to speak in familiar or comfortable environments. It is important to note that selective mutism is not a communication problem in itself, but rather a social anxiety disorder that affects a person's ability to express themselves verbally in certain contexts.
On the other hand. On the other hand, shyness refers to a feeling of discomfort or nervousness in social situations or in front of unfamiliar people. Unlike selective mutism, shy people do not necessarily have difficulty speaking, but they may experience anxiety, fear, or inhibition when interacting with others. Shyness is considered a common personality trait and, in many cases, can be overcome over time through gradual exposure to social situations.
Aspects involved in behavior
Other An important difference between selective mutism and shyness lies in the underlying aspects involved in each type of behavior. In the case of selective mutism, the main cause is usually extreme social anxiety, which may be related to genetic, environmental factors, or traumatic experiences. Children with selective mutism may feel overwhelmed by the pressure to speak in certain situations and prefer to remain silent to avoid anxiety-inducing situations.
In contrast, shyness may be influenced by a combination of factors, such as: including genetic aspects, early socialization experiences, self-esteem, and coping skills. Shyness does not necessarily imply a total inhibition of speaking, but rather a tendency to be reserved, fearful, or withdrawn in social settings. Unlike selective mutism, shyness can manifest itself less intensely and adapt over time as the person gains self-confidence.
Impact on daily functioning
Finally, the third significant difference between selective mutism and shyness is the impact on the daily functioning of people who experience these behaviors. Selective mutism can have significant consequences on an individual's academic performance, interpersonal relationships, and emotional development, especially if it is not adequately addressed. Children with selective mutism may experience difficulty participating in school activities, establishing friendships, or communicating effectively with their parents and teachers.
For its part, shyness usually has a less disruptive impact on daily functioning. , since many shy people can learn to manage their shyness and adapt socially despite experiencing discomfort in certain situations. Shyness may even have some advantages, such as the ability to be thoughtful, observant, and considerate of others. However, in extreme cases, excessive shyness can limit opportunities for socialization and personal growth.
Conclusions
In summary, although selective mutism and shyness share certain similarities in terms of inhibited social behavior, it is essential to recognize the key differences between both concepts from a psychological perspective. Selective mutism is characterized by a persistent inability to speak in certain situations due to extreme anxiety, while shyness involves a tendency toward social awkwardness, but does not necessarily affect the ability to speak.
Understanding these differences is essential to offer adequate support to people experiencing selective mutism or shyness, as each disorder requires specific and personalized intervention approaches. Both selective mutism and shyness can be overcome with time, appropriate psychological support, and strategies to improve self-confidence and social skills. Ultimately, the goal is to help people feel safe, comfortable, and able to express themselves authentically in different social contexts.