Oral fungus, also known as oral candidiasis or thrush, is a common fungal infection that can affect people of all ages, from babies to older adults. These fungi can cause discomfort and complications if not treated properly. In this article, we will explore the symptoms, causes, and treatments of oral fungus.
Symptoms of oral fungus
Oral candidiasis can manifest itself in different ways, and symptoms can vary depending on the severity of the infection. Some of the most common signs and symptoms of mouth fungus include:
- White patches in the mouth: Appear on the tongue, inner cheeks , the palate or the throat. These plaques may be cottage cheese-like or creamier in appearance.
- Pain and tenderness: Areas affected by fungus may become painful, tender, and even bleed easily.
- Thrush in babies: Babies with oral thrush may have difficulty feeding and may be irritable during sucking or feeding.
- Changes in taste: Some people with mouth fungus experience changes in the taste of food, perceiving a metallic or bitter taste in the mouth.
- Difficulty swallowing: In severe cases, oral thrush can make it difficult to swallow food and liquids.
When to seek medical help
It is important to see a doctor or dentist if you experience any symptom of mouth fungus, especially if the infection persists or worsens despite home treatments. Oral candidiasis can be an indication of other underlying health problems, so it is essential to receive a professional diagnosis and proper treatment.
Causes of oral fungus
The Mouth fungus is mainly caused by an imbalance in the oral microbiota, which allows the fungus Candida albicans to multiply uncontrollably. Some factors that may contribute to the development of oral candidiasis include:
- Use of antibiotics: Antibiotics can alter the balance of microorganisms in the mouth, making it easier to growth of fungi such as Candida.
- Corticosteroid use: Inhaled or topical corticosteroids can weaken the local immune system in the mouth, predisposing to candidiasis oral.
- Diabetes: People with poorly controlled diabetes are at increased risk of developing fungal infections, including oral candidiasis.
- Use of dentures:Ill-fitting dentures or dentures that are not properly cleaned can encourage fungal growth in the mouth.
- Immune system suppression: Conditions that weaken the immune system, such as HIV/AIDS or cancer, can increase susceptibility to fungal infections.
Risk factors
In addition to the causes mentioned above , there are some risk factors that can increase the likelihood of suffering from oral fungus. These include:
- Advanced age: Older adults tend to have lower saliva production and a higher incidence of medical conditions that promote fungal infections.
- Smoking: Smoking tobacco can damage the mucous membranes of the mouth and reduce the immune system's ability to fight infections.
- Use of asthma inhalers: Some asthma inhalers contain corticosteroids that can increase the risk of oral thrush if you do not rinse your mouth properly after use.
Treatment of oral fungus
Treatment of oral fungus usually involves the use of antifungal medications to eliminate the infection and restore the balance of the oral microbiota. Specific treatment will depend on the severity of the oral thrush and any underlying factors that may be contributing to the infection. Some common treatment options are:
- Antifungal mouthwashes: These rinses contain antifungal medications that help fight the Candida fungus in the mouth. .
- Topical antifungals: Topical medications, such as antifungal creams or gels, can be applied directly to the affected areas of the mouth.
- Antifungals Systemic:In severe or recurrent cases of oral candidiasis, the doctor may prescribe oral antifungals to eliminate the infection from inside the body.
- Oral hygiene measures: Maintaining good oral hygiene, including proper cleaning of dentures, can help prevent and control oral fungus.
Preventing oral fungus
To reduce the risk of developing oral candidiasis, it is important to follow some preventive measures that help maintain a healthy balance in the oral microbiota. Some recommendations include:
- Maintain good oral hygiene: Brushing your teeth at least twice a day and flossing regularly can help prevent excessive growth of teeth. fungus in the mouth.
- Avoid excessive use of antibiotics: Using antibiotics only when necessary and following medical instructions can help preserve healthy oral microbiota.
- Manage underlying medical conditions: Keeping diseases such as diabetes under control and following medical advice in case of immunosuppression can reduce the risk of fungal infections.
- Check and adjust dentures:If you wear dentures, make sure they are well-fitted and clean to avoid the accumulation of fungi on their surface.
In conclusion, fungi in the mouth can cause discomfort and complications if not treated properly. It is essential to recognize the symptoms, identify the underlying causes, and follow an appropriate treatment plan to control oral thrush. Maintaining good oral hygiene and preventing associated risk factors can help reduce the incidence of oral fungus and promote overall oral health.