The nose, in addition to being a key organ in breathing, also plays important functions in the perception of smells and the resonance of the voice. Many people are unaware that the nose is made up of different parts, each one with specific functions and particular characteristics. In this article, we will explore the 7 most important parts of the nose and their roles in the human body.
1. Nostrils
The nostrils are the external openings of the nose that allow air to enter and exit during breathing. They are covered by a mucosa that humidifies and filters the air we inhale to protect the lungs from harmful particles. Furthermore, in the nasal passages there are olfactory receptors that allow us to perceive odors.
2. Nasal septum
The nasal septum is a bony and cartilaginous structure that separates the nasal passages into two symmetrical cavities. Its role is to maintain the shape of the nose and ensure proper breathing. When the nasal septum is deviated or has some abnormality, it can cause breathing problems and nasal congestion.
3. Nasal turbinates
The nasal turbinates are shell-shaped structures located inside the nasal passages. Its main function is to increase the inner surface of the nose to warm and humidify the air we breathe. The turbinates also participate in the particle filtration process and in the direction of air flow.
4. Paranasal sinuses
The paranasal sinuses are cavities filled with air that are found around the nose and help to lighten the weight of the skull, resonate the voice and cushion blows to the face. These structures are also lined by mucosa and can become inflamed, causing sinusitis and symptoms such as facial pain and nasal congestion.
5. Nostrils
The nostrils are the internal openings of the nasal passages that connect with the pharynx and allow air to pass into the lungs. Moisture and heat are added to the air we exhale in the nostrils, preparing it for entry into the lungs. The nostrils also regulate air flow, helping with breathing.
6. Mucous membrane
The mucous membrane is a layer of tissue that lines the inside of the nose and is responsible for producing mucus to trap foreign particles and microorganisms present in the air. This mucosa also contains ciliated cells that remove mucus and trapped particles through the movement of the cilia.
7. Olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb is the part of the brain responsible for processing olfactory information sent by olfactory receptors in the nasal passages. This structure plays a crucial role in the perception of odors and in the formation of memories associated with different aromas. The olfactory bulb is connected to other areas of the brain related to memory and emotions.
Conclusions
The nose is a complex organ made up of several parts that work together to fulfill functions essential in the human body. From the nasal passages to the olfactory bulb, each component plays a crucial role in breathing, smell perception, and overall health. It is important to maintain nasal health through proper breathing, nasal hygiene, and timely medical attention in case of respiratory or nasal problems.