The grieving process is a natural and necessary response to the loss of something significant in our lives. It could be the loss of a loved one, a job, a relationship or any other type of situation that generates a deep feeling of loss. During grief, it is common to experience intense emotions such as sadness, anger, guilt, confusion, and hopelessness. However, in some cases, grief can transform into pathological or complicated grief, which requires specialized attention and treatment.
What is pathological grief?
Pathological grief, also known as complicated grief, is characterized by an intensification and prolongation of the typical symptoms of normal grief. While in normal grief it is expected to experience intense emotions over a period of time, in pathological grief these symptoms persist chronically and significantly affect the individual's quality of life. This type of grief can interfere with your interpersonal relationships, your work performance, and your emotional and physical well-being in general.
How do you know if you have gone from normal grief to pathological grief?
There are a series of signs that can indicate that you have gone from normal grief to pathological grief. It is important to pay attention to these signs in order to identify the situation and seek the necessary help. Some of the most common signs include:
1. Prolongation of symptoms:
In normal grief, it is common to experience intense emotional symptoms during the first weeks or months after the loss. However, in pathological grief these symptoms persist chronically and can last for months or even years. The affected person feels that they cannot overcome the loss and is trapped in a state of constant pain and suffering.
2. Social isolation:
Those who suffer from pathological grief tend to isolate themselves socially and avoid contact with friends, family and other significant people in their lives. The feeling of loneliness and isolation becomes increasingly intense, which can worsen the situation and make recovery difficult.
3. Excessive feelings of guilt:
In normal grief, it is common to experience feelings of guilt related to the loss, such as the feeling of not having done enough for the deceased person or of not having been good enough at the relationship. However, in pathological grief, these feelings of guilt become excessive and irrational, and the person blames themselves disproportionately.
4. Obsessive thoughts about the loss:
In normal grief, it is natural to repeatedly think about the lost person or situation. However, in pathological grief these thoughts become obsessive and intrusive, interfering with the person's ability to concentrate on other areas of their life and generating constant discomfort.
5. Impairment in daily functioning:
People who suffer from pathological grief may experience a significant deterioration in their daily functioning, both at work and at a personal level. They may have difficulty fulfilling their work responsibilities, neglect their personal hygiene and physical health, and experience problems maintaining healthy interpersonal relationships.
What to do if you think you are experiencing pathological grief?
If you think you are experiencing pathological grief, it is essential to seek professional help. A psychologist or psychiatrist specialized in grief can provide you with the support and guidance necessary to overcome this situation. Some of the strategies that can be used in the treatment of pathological grief include:
1. Supportive therapy:
Supportive therapy is an effective way to address pathological grief, as it allows the person to express their emotions, process their pain, and receive the support necessary to cope with the loss. During therapy, irrational beliefs, obsessive thoughts, and unhealthy behavioral patterns that are contributing to pathological grief can be identified and worked on.
2. Cognitive-behavioral therapy:
Cognitive-behavioral therapy is another useful tool in the treatment of pathological grief. Through this therapy, negative thoughts and dysfunctional behaviors that are perpetuating prolonged grief can be identified and modified. We work on changing irrational interpretations of the loss and developing strategies to deal with pain in a more adaptive way.
3. Medication:
In some cases, the treatment of pathological grief may include the prescription of medication, such as antidepressants, anxiolytics or mood stabilizers. These medications can help reduce the symptoms of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness associated with pathological grief and facilitate the recovery process.
4. Support groups:
Participating in grief support groups can be of great help to those suffering from pathological grief. These groups offer a safe space to share experiences, connect with other people who are going through similar situations, and receive support and solidarity from other participants.
Conclusion
In summary, Grief is a natural process that is part of the human experience. However, when grief becomes pathological, it is important to seek professional help to be able to overcome this situation in a healthy and adaptive way. Identifying the signs of pathological grief and acting in time can make the difference in the recovery and emotional well-being of the affected individual. Remember that you are not alone in this process and that there are resources and professionals available to accompany you on your path to healing and recovery.