In the field of psychology, there are many popular myths that have endured over time, generating erroneous ideas about the functioning of the human mind. These myths are often rooted in popular culture and have been repeated over and over again, despite having scientific evidence that disproves them. In this article, we will analyze 8 of these popular psychological myths and offer an explanation based on current scientific research.
1. We use only 10% of our brain
One of the most widespread myths is the belief that we only use 10% of our brain, leaving the rest untapped. This idea has been popularized in movies and books, but the reality is that we use our entire brain, although not at the same time or evenly. Each brain region fulfills a specific function and works together to process information, regulate emotions, and control body functions.
2. Brain Hemispheres Determine Personality
Another common myth is the belief that people are predominantly "right-brained" or "left-brained," which supposedly determines their personality and abilities. In reality, both brain hemispheres are interconnected and collaborate in all cognitive activities. Although it is true that each hemisphere has certain functional specializations, most activities require the participation of both hemispheres in a coordinated manner.
3. Childhood traumas only affect childhood
There is an erroneous belief that childhood traumas have no impact on adult life, since it is thought that children are more resilient and capable of overcoming traumatic experiences. However, research in psychology shows that childhood trauma can have lasting effects on people's mental and emotional health, which can manifest in the form of psychological disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder or depression in adulthood.
4. Time heals all emotional wounds
Another common myth is the idea that time is the only solution to overcoming an emotional wound or trauma. While it is true that time can help heal emotional wounds, the simple passage of time does not guarantee a complete recovery. The active coping process, psychological therapy and social support are key factors in addressing and overcoming painful experiences.
5. People with mental disorders are dangerous
One of the most damaging myths is the association between mental disorders and dangerousness. The reality is that the vast majority of people who suffer from mental disorders do not pose a threat to others. In fact, people with mental disorders are often more likely to be victims of violence than perpetrators. Stigmatizing people with mental health problems only contributes to increasing their suffering and making it difficult for them to access adequate treatment.
6. The polygraph detects lies infallibly
One of the most widespread myths around lie detection is the belief that the polygraph, also known as "lie detector", is an infallible instrument to identify the veracity of the statements. However, numerous scientific studies have shown that the polygraph is not a reliable method for detecting lies, since it can be deceived by people with the skills to control their physiological responses.
7. Age does not affect learning ability
Another common myth is the idea that learning ability decreases with age and that it is more difficult to acquire new knowledge in adulthood. While it is true that cognitive processes can change with age, brain plasticity allows people to continue learning and adapting throughout their lives. Motivation, interest and appropriate learning strategies are key factors to promote learning at any stage of life.
8. Depression is just deep sadness
Finally, one of the most common myths surrounding depression is the belief that it is simply deep sadness that will eventually go away on its own. Depression is a complex mental disorder that goes beyond sadness and can affect all aspects of a person's life. Depression requires a multidimensional approach that includes psychological treatment, social support and, in some cases, pharmacological treatment to achieve effective recovery.
In conclusion, it is important to question and demystify the erroneous beliefs about psychology that have been held. been perpetuated over time. Psychological science is constantly advancing and giving us a greater understanding of the complexity of the human mind. By knowing the current scientific evidence, we can dismantle these myths and promote a more accurate and respectful understanding of people's mental and emotional processes.