Rheuma, known medically as rheumatism, is a term that encompasses a broad group of diseases that affect the joints, muscles, tendons and connective tissues. It is often associated with pain or discomfort in these areas, limiting mobility and affecting the quality of life of people who suffer from it. To better understand this condition, it is important to analyze its causes, associated symptoms and available treatment options.
Causes of rheumatism
The causes The exact causes of rheumatism are not completely clear, as this condition can be influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental and immunological factors. Some types of rheumatism, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are autoimmune diseases in which the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues in the body, causing inflammation and pain in the joints.
In addition, overuse of certain joints, previous injuries, infections and genetic factors can increase the risk of developing rheumatism. Chronic stress, poor diet, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle can also play a role in the appearance and progression of this disease.
Symptoms associated with rheumatism
Joint and muscle pain
One of the most common symptoms of rheumatism is pain in the joints and muscles. This pain can vary in intensity and location, and worsen with physical activity or prolonged rest. Morning stiffness, which usually improves with movement, is also characteristic of many types of rheumatism.
Inflammation and heat in the joints
Inflammation of the affected joints is another common manifestation of rheumatism. Joints may feel hot, swollen, and tender to the touch. This inflammation can limit mobility and cause joint deformities if not properly controlled.
Fatigue and tiredness
People with rheumatism may experience extreme fatigue and tiredness, even after exercising. light activities. This constant exhaustion can interfere with daily life and make it difficult to perform everyday tasks.
Muscle and joint stiffness
Stiffness in the muscles and joints is a common symptom, especially due to mornings or after periods of inactivity. This stiffness can make movement difficult and cause discomfort when performing simple activities.
Joint deformities
In advanced cases of some rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, the affected joints can become deformed. due to chronic inflammation and cartilage destruction. These deformities can cause functional disabilities and limit mobility.
Treatment of rheumatism
Treatment of rheumatism focuses on relieving symptoms, reducing inflammation, preventing joint damage, and improving joint function. quality of life of the affected people. The therapeutic approach can vary depending on the type of rheumatism and the severity of the symptoms, and generally includes a combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures.
Medicines
Medicines are a fundamental pillar in the treatment of rheumatism. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used to relieve pain and inflammation in the joints and muscles. In more severe cases, corticosteroids or disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs) may be prescribed to control the progression of the disease.
Physical therapy
Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the management of rheumatism, as it helps maintain mobility, strengthen muscles and improve posture. Low-impact exercises, such as swimming or yoga, can be beneficial in reducing joint pain and stiffness.
Alternative Therapies
Some people turn to alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, physiotherapy or complementary and alternative medicine, to relieve rheumatism symptoms. It is always important to consult with a health professional before starting any complementary treatment.
Surgery
In advanced cases of rheumatism, especially when there is irreversible joint damage, surgery may be an option. option. Arthroplasty, or joint replacement, is a procedure used to improve mobility and reduce pain in joints affected by rheumatism.
Conclusions
In summary, rheumatism is a group of diseases that affect the joints, muscles and connective tissues, causing pain, inflammation, stiffness and fatigue in people who suffer from it. Although the exact causes are not entirely clear, genetic, environmental and immunological factors can play a role in its development.
Treatment of rheumatism is based on relieving symptoms, reducing inflammation and preventing damage. joint, using a combination of medications, physical therapies, alternative therapies and, in some cases, surgery. It is important to consult with a health professional to receive an accurate diagnosis and an individualized treatment plan.
With a multidisciplinary approach and appropriate management, people with rheumatism can improve their quality of life, reduce the impact of the disease on your daily life and maintain the functionality of the affected joints. Education about the condition, self-care, and emotional support are also important components in comprehensive rheumatism treatment.