Neuroses are mental disorders that are characterized by the presence of symptoms of anxiety, fear, obsessions, compulsions, among others. Throughout the history of psychology, different types of neuroses have been identified, each with its own characteristics, symptoms and forms of treatment. In this article, we will focus on the four main types of neuroses: hysterical neurosis, obsessional neurosis, phobic neurosis and anxiety neurosis. Understanding these disorders is essential to be able to identify and address them appropriately.
Hysterical neurosis
Hysterical neurosis, also known as disorder conversion, is characterized by the presence of physical symptoms that have no underlying medical cause. These symptoms usually appear as a way of expressing emotional conflicts or coping with stressful situations. Some of the most common symptoms of hysterical neurosis include paralysis, temporary blindness, lack of sensation in certain parts of the body, among others.
Symptoms of hysterical neurosis
Symptoms of Hysterical neurosis can vary widely from person to person, but some of the most common include:
- Temporary paralysis
- Tremors or nervous tics
- Transient blindness
- Loss of the ability to speak
- Difficulty swallowing
Treatment of hysterical neurosis
Treatment Hysterical neurosis usually involves psychological therapy, which seeks to identify and address the underlying emotional conflicts that are giving rise to the physical symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy, supportive therapy, and exposure therapy are some of the techniques commonly used in the treatment of this disorder. In more severe cases, it may be necessary to resort to medication to treat the associated physical and psychological symptoms.
Obsessive neurosis
Obsessive neurosis, also known as obsessive-compulsive disorder ( OCD), is characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions that cause significant discomfort in the person who suffers from it. Obsessions are unwanted thoughts or images that cause anxiety, while compulsions are repetitive behaviors that the person carries out to relieve that anxiety. OCD can significantly interfere with daily life and interpersonal relationships.
Symptoms of obsessional neurosis
Some of the most common symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder include:
- Recurrent obsessions, such as fear of contamination, pathological doubts, or violent thoughts
- Repetitive compulsions, such as excessive hand-washing, counting, or constant checking
- Significant discomfort in the presence of obsessive thoughts
- Difficulty controlling compulsions
Treatment of obsessional neurosis
Treatment of the disorder Obsessive-compulsive disorder usually involves a combination of psychological therapy and medication. Cognitive behavioral therapy, especially exposure therapy with response prevention, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OCD. Some drugs, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), may also be prescribed to help reduce obsessive and compulsive symptoms.
Phobic neurosis
Phobic neurosis, Also known simply as a phobia, it is characterized by the presence of an intense and persistent fear of certain objects, situations or places. Phobias can significantly interfere with a person's daily life and limit their daily activities. There are different types of phobias, such as social phobia, specific phobia and agoraphobia, each with its own characteristics and triggers.
Symptoms of phobic neurosis
Some of the symptoms The most common phobias include:
- Intense anxiety in the presence of the feared object or situation
- Automatic avoidance or escape response to the phobic stimulus
- Significant discomfort or panic attacks
- Physical symptoms such as tachycardia, sweating or tremors
Treatment of phobic neurosis
Treatment of phobias It usually involves systematic desensitization therapy, in which the person is gradually exposed to the feared object or situation to reduce their anxiety. Cognitive behavioral therapy and exposure therapy are effective in treating phobias. In some cases, it may be necessary to resort to medication to control the anxiety associated with the phobia.
Anxiety neurosis
Anxiety neurosis, also known as generalized anxiety disorder , is characterized by the presence of persistent and excessive anxiety in everyday situations. People who suffer from this disorder often experience constant worry, physical symptoms of anxiety, and difficulty relaxing. Panic neurosis can significantly interfere with a person's quality of life and their ability to function properly.
Symptoms of panic neurosis
Some of the most common symptoms Common symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder are:
- Excessive worry in everyday situations
- Constant agitation or nervousness
- Difficulty concentrating
- Physical symptoms such as muscle tension, fatigue, or problems sleeping
Treatment of anxiety neurosis
Treatment of anxiety neurosis usually involves cognitive-behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques and training in coping skills. Acceptance and commitment therapy and interpersonal therapy may also be effective in treating generalized anxiety. In some cases, medication is prescribed to help control anxiety symptoms and facilitate the therapeutic process.
In conclusion, neurosis disorders are common in the population and can significantly affect the lives of those who suffer from them. . Identifying the symptoms of each type of neurosis and seeking specialized professional help are essential steps to be able to adequately address these disorders. With proper treatment, people suffering from neurosis can achieve a better quality of life and learn to manage their symptoms effectively.