Metamorphopsia is a visual phenomenon in which the objects seen are deformed or distorted. This condition can vary in severity and frequency, and can affect the quality of life of those who suffer from it. In this article, we will explore the different types of metamorphopsia, its characteristic symptoms, and the treatment options available.
Types of metamorphopsia
Metamorphopsia associated with macular degeneration
One of the most common forms of metamorphopsia is that which is associated with macular degeneration, an eye condition related to aging that mainly affects central vision. In these cases, patients often experience distortions in the shape of objects, curved or crooked lines, and a decrease in visual acuity.
Metamorphopsia due to visual migraine
Visual migraine It is a type of headache that can be accompanied by visual symptoms, such as flashes of light, blind spots and metamorphopsia. In this case, the visual distortion is usually temporary and reversible, and can occur before, during or after a migraine episode.
Other types of metamorphopsia
There are other less common causes of metamorphopsia, such as retinal lesions, eye trauma, neurological disorders, and side effects of certain medications. Each type of metamorphopsia can have specific characteristics and manifestations, so it is important to make an accurate diagnosis to determine the underlying cause.
Symptoms of metamorphopsia
Symptoms of metamorphopsia can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the disorder. Some of the most common symptoms include:
Distortion of the shape of objects
Objects may appear twisted, elongated, or compressed, making spatial perception and shape identification difficult. family members.
Blurry vision
Blurry vision is another common symptom of metamorphopsia, especially in cases of macular degeneration or retinal lesions. Lack of visual clarity can interfere with everyday activities such as reading or driving.
Wavy lines
A distinctive feature of metamorphopsia is the perception of straight lines that appear to be curved or curved. wavy. This phenomenon can make it difficult to interpret graphs, maps, or printed text.
Difficulty discerning details
People with metamorphopsia may experience difficulty distinguishing fine or subtle details in objects or images, which may affect your ability to recognize faces, letters, or numbers.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of metamorphopsia usually requires a detailed evaluation of the patient's medical history, a complete eye examination, and specialized testing of visual function. In cases of suspected macular degeneration or other underlying diseases, imaging tests such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be necessary to accurately visualize the structure of the retina.
Treatment
Treatment of metamorphopsia will largely depend on the underlying cause and the severity of the symptoms. Some treatment options may include:
Vision therapy
Vision therapy includes exercises and techniques to improve visual function and spatial perception in patients with metamorphopsia. These therapeutic programs can be useful in training the brain to more accurately interpret distorted visual signals.
Use of optical aids
In some cases, the use of special glasses, lenses Magnification or color filters can help improve the quality of vision and reduce visual distortion in patients with metamorphopsia. These optical aids can be adapted to the individual needs of each patient.
Pharmacological treatment
In situations where metamorphopsia is associated with conditions such as macular degeneration, pharmacological treatment may include the administration of intraocular medications or intravitreal injections to reduce inflammation and improve retinal function. It is essential to follow the ophthalmologist's instructions to obtain the best results.
Surgery
In more severe cases of metamorphopsia caused by lesions or abnormalities in the retina, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct the underlying problem. Surgical procedures may include vitrectomy surgery, correction of retinal detachment, or repair of traumatic eye injuries.
Conclusion
Metamorphopsia is a visual condition that can manifest in various ways and have a significant impact on the quality of life of those who experience it. Identifying the underlying cause of metamorphopsia and seeking appropriate treatment are essential steps to managing symptoms and improving visual function. With proper care and medical follow-up, many patients can experience an improvement in their vision and quality of life.